Henry was the youngest son of Theobald I of Navarre and Margaret of Bourbon. As a teenager, Henry joined the Huguenot forces in the French Wars of Religion. Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics. Advanced embedding details, examples, and help! Since Reims, traditional coronation place of French kings, was still occupied by the Catholic League, Henry was crowned King of France at the Cathedral of Chartres on 27 February 1594. Henry's coach was stopped by traffic congestion associated with the Queen's coronation ceremony, as depicted in the engraving by Gaspar Bouttats. During Henry's struggle for the crown, Spain had been the principal backer of the Catholic League, and it tried to thwart Henry. He eventually declined, preferring to establish an alliance with Castile through the marriage of his son Theobald to Alfonso X's daughter Violant in September 1272. [2] He was thus in the "Angevin" circle in international politics. Henry was a scion of the House of Bourbon, which was a branch of the Capetian dynasty, which sprang from the Robertians. Protestanten en katholieken zijn in een bittere strijd verwikkeld, elk met hun godsdienst als rechtvaardiging. Henry Of Navarre is een DVD. Considered a usurper by some Catholics and a traitor by some Protestants, Henry became the target of at least 12 assassination attempts. Drager / medium. Henry narrowly escaped death thanks to the help of his wife and his promise to convert to Catholicism. Henry Of Navarre. He was also a great philanderer, fathering many children by a number of mistresses.[2]. Notably, he promulgated the Edict of Nantes (1598), which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants, thereby effectively ending the Wars of Religion. The preparations were terminated by his assassination, however, and the subsequent rapprochement with Spain under the regency of Marie de' Medici. Let op: Door de winterse weersomstandigheden kan de bezorging van je pakket langer duren lekker winkelen zonder zorgen. Henry's Catholic uncle Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon was proclaimed king by the League, but the Cardinal was Henry's prisoner at the time. He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. The King restored Paris as a great city, with the Pont Neuf, which still stands today, constructed over the river Seine to connect the Right and Left Banks of the city. Joan's 1284 marriage to Philip the Fair, the future King of France,[7] in the same year united the crown of Navarre to that of France and saw Champagne devolve to the French royal domain. It had been arranged, before Jeanne's death, that Henry would marry Marguerite de Valois, daughter of Henry II and … For the 2010 film, see. Henry IV's popularity continued when the first edition of his biography, Histoire du Roy Henry le Grand, was published in Amsterdam in 1661. Even before Henry's accession to the French throne, the French Huguenots were in contact with Aragonese Moriscos in plans against the Habsburg government of Spain in the 1570s. With this combined force, the two kings marched to Paris. [14] Henry III thought the removal of the brothers would finally restore his authority. With Julien Boisselier, Joachim Król, Andreas Schmidt, Roger Casamajor. More than 400 metres long and thirty-five metres wide, this huge addition was built along the bank of the Seine River. Aan het hoofd van de Protestanten staat Henry of Navarre die zijn mannen leidt in de strijd tegen Parijs, de Katholieken en tegen zijn moeders grote rivaal, Catherine de Medici, Koningin van Frankrijk. This line has continued to the present day, more than 1,200 years in all, through kings of France, Navarre, France again, Spain, Portugal, and the Two Sicilies, dukes of Parma, grand dukes of Luxembourg, princes of Orléans, and emperors of Brazil. Henry was buried at the Saint Denis Basilica. After four years of stalemate, he converted to Catholicism to obtain mastery over his kingdom (reportedly saying, "Paris is well worth a mass."). During his reign,[5] the French colonization of the Americas truly began with the foundation of the colonies of Acadia and Canada at Port-Royal and Quebec, respectively. His subsequent marriage to Marie de' Medici on 17 December 1600 produced six children: The arms of Henry IV changed throughout his lifetime: From 1562,as Prince of Béarn and Duke of Vendôme, From 1589,as King of France and Navarre (also used by his successors), Grand Royal Coat of Arms of Henry and the House of Bourbon as Kings of France and Navarre (1589-1789), First French king of the House of Bourbon, "Henry of Navarre" redirects here. Henry IV (French: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithet Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. Henry IV, king of Navarre (as Henry III, 1572–89) and first Bourbon king of France (1589–1610), who, at the end of the Wars of Religion, abjured Protestantism and converted to Roman Catholicism (1593) in order to win Paris and reunify France. Voor maar € 9,99 per jaar Henry did not long outlive his son. De film ging op 13 februari 2010 in première op het Internationaal filmfestival van Berlijn [34][35] In 1576, a three-pronged fleet from Constantinople was planned to disembark between Murcia and Valencia while the French Huguenots would invade from the north and the Moriscos accomplish their uprising, but the Ottoman fleet failed to arrive. Hugh was the heir of the "Robertian" house, Counts of Worms, descended from Robert of Hesbaye. Filmstudio. Henry of Navarre: Amazon.nl Selecteer uw cookievoorkeuren We gebruiken cookies en vergelijkbare tools om uw winkelervaring te verbeteren, onze services aan te bieden, te begrijpen hoe klanten onze services gebruiken zodat we verbeteringen kunnen aanbrengen, en om advertenties weer te geven. On 25 July 1593, with the encouragement of his great love, Gabrielle d'Estrées, Henry permanently renounced Protestantism and converted to Catholicism — in order to secure his hold on the French crown, thereby earning the resentment of the Huguenots and his former ally Queen Elizabeth I of England. References. [19] In the religious fervor of the time, the Infanta was recognized to be a suitable candidate, provided that she marry a suitable husband. Henry IV also had the Place Royale built (since 1800 known as Place des Vosges), and added the Grande Galerie to the Louvre Palace. Although baptised as a Roman Catholic, Henry was raised as a Protestant by his mother Jeanne d'Albret; Jeanne declared Calvinism the religion of Navarre. Gratis verzending vanaf 20,- ; Bezorging dezelfde dag, 's avonds of in het weekend* Henry is said to have originated the oft-repeated phrase "a chicken in every pot". In the Divine Comedy, Dante Alighieri, a younger contemporary, sees Henry's spirit outside the gates of Purgatory, where he is grouped with a number of other European monarchs of the 13th century. [8], Medieval Lands Project: Henry I, King of Navarre, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_I_of_Navarre&oldid=991817922, 13th-century people from the Kingdom of Navarre, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 1 December 2020, at 23:56. Frankrijk, 1563. During the earlier phase of the French Revolution, when its professed aim was to create a constitutional monarchy rather than a Republic, Henry IV was held up as an ideal which King Louis XVI was urged to emulate. Van oorsprong is het een tv-film in twee delen, die voor de blu-ray uitgave achter elkaar zijn geplakt. In December 1588, Henry III had Henry I of Guise murdered,[13] along with his brother, Louis, Cardinal de Guise. [7] Although baptised as a Catholic, Henry was raised as a Protestant by his mother,[8] who had declared Calvinism the religion of Navarre. Henri de Bourbon was born in Pau, the capital of the French province of Béarn. Upon the death of his brother-in-law and distant cousin Henry III in 1589, Henry was called to the French succession by the Salic law. Mayenne was angered that he had not been consulted prior to this admonishment, but yielded, since their aim was not contrary to his present views. [39] In 1609, another adventurer, Pierre-Olivier Malherbe, returned from a circumnavigation of the globe and informed Henry of his adventures. Patrilineal descent governs membership and succession in many royal and noble houses. Another Spanish army helped the nobles opposing Henry to win the Battle of Craon against his troops in 1592. In 1572, after the massacre of French Calvinists, he was forced by Catherine de' Medici and other powerful Catholic royalty to convert. Although a formal Catholic, he valued his Calvinist upbringing and was tolerant toward the Huguenots until his death in 1610, and issued the Edict of Nantes which granted many concessions to them. He established the Collège Royal Henri-le-Grand in La Flèche (today the Prytanée Militaire de la Flèche). After a brief reign, characterised, it is said, by dignity and talent, he died in July 1274, suffocated, according to the generally received accounts, by his own fat. flag. They argued that if the French accepted natural hereditary succession, as proposed by the Spaniards, and accepted a woman as their queen, then the ancient claims of the English kings would be confirmed, and the monarchy of centuries past would be nothing but an illegality. l'Académie française: Dictionnaire de la langue française (Institut de France. Philip was the first Bourbon king of Spain, the country's present ruling house. As a teenager, Henry joined the Huguenot forces in the French Wars of Religion. Cholakian, Patricia Francis; Cholakian, Rouben Charles (2006). The Pope excommunicated Henry and declared him devoid of any right to inherit the crown. Henry of Navarre was born in Pau, France, on December 13, 1553. His relations with the nobility were, on the whole, friendly, though he was prepared to maintain the peace of his realm at nearly any cost. Henry I the Fat (French: Henri le Gros, Spanish: Enrique el Gordo) (c. 1244 – 22 July 1274) was the Count of Champagne and Brie (as Henry III) and King of Navarre from 1270. Henry of Navarre was sired by the 1884 Preakness Stakes winner Knight of Ellerslie he was named for the Huguenot king, Henry IV of France. In France the Queen poisons the Huguenot Queen and weds her son to the King's sister as part of an extermination plan. [16] Most of the Catholic nobles who had joined Henry III for the siege of Paris also refused to recognize the claim of Henry of Navarre, and abandoned him. However, the populace was horrified and rose against him. [2][43] [39] Two ships, the Croissant and the Corbin, were sent around the Cape of Good Hope in May 1601. Henry III acknowledged the King of Navarre as a true subject and Frenchman, not a fanatic Huguenot aiming for the destruction of Catholics. Several thousand Protestants who had come to Paris for Henry's wedding were killed, as well as thousands more throughout the country in the days that followed. Henry IV: Henry Of Navarre (Extended Edition). He was said to have declared that Paris vaut bien une messe ("Paris is well worth a mass"),[21][22][23] although there is some doubt whether he said this, or whether the statement was attributed to him by his contemporaries. The song Marche Henri IV ("Long Live Henry IV") was popular during the Restoration. After Henry became king of France, it was of the utmost importance that he provide an heir to the crown to avoid the problem of a disputed succession. Henry III belonged to the House of Valois, descended from Philip III of France, elder son of Saint Louis; Henry IV belonged to the House of Bourbon, descended from Robert, Count of Clermont, younger son of Saint Louis. When the Revolution radicalized its positions and came to altogether reject Monarchy, Henry IV's statue was torn down along with other royal monuments — but it was the first to be rebuilt, in 1818, and it stands today on the Pont Neuf. [17] Henry was victorious at the Battle of Arques and the Battle of Ivry, but failed to take Paris after besieging it in 1590.[18]. [41] He had visited China and India, and had an encounter with Akbar.[41]. As a Huguenot, Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion, barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. Frankrijk, 16e eeuw: Protestanten en Katholieken vechten voor hun land en macht. A statue was erected in his honour at the Pont Neuf in 1614, four years after his death. Henry's first marriage was not a happy one, and the couple remained childless. [29], For the royal entry of Marie into Avignon on 19 November 1600, the citizens bestowed on Henry the title of the Hercule Gaulois ("Gallic Hercules"), justifying the extravagant flattery with a genealogy that traced the origin of the House of Navarre to a nephew of Hercules' son Hispalus.[30]. On 5 February of that year, he formally abjured Catholicism at Tours and rejoined the Protestant forces in the military conflict. An English edition was published at London in 1663. [36][37] In 1604, a "Peace Treaty and Capitulation" was signed between Henry IV and the Ottoman Sultan Ahmet I. Despite these setbacks for the League, Henry remained unable to take control of Paris. The boy was also baptised in the traditional way of Béarn/Navarre, with a spoon of Jurançon wine and some garlic, imitating the quaint manner in which Henry IV had been baptised in Pau. Historians have been making the assertion that Henry IV was a convinced Calvinist, only changing his formal religious allegiance to adjust, suit or achieve his political goals. King Henry's vision extended beyond France, and he financed several expeditions of Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Monts and Samuel de Champlain[2] to North America. This real concern for the living conditions of the "lowly" population—who in the final analysis provided the economic basis for the power of the king and the great nobles—was perhaps without parallel among the kings of France. The Corbin was wrecked in the Maldives, leading to the adventure of François Pyrard de Laval, who managed to return to France in 1611. His parents were Queen Joan III of Navarre (Jeanne d'Albret) and her consort, Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme, King of Navarre. Recognized as heir presumptive during his brother's reign, Henry succeeded to the thrones of the Kingdom of Navarre and County of Champagne upon Theobald II's death in December 1270. He later led Protestant forces against the royal army.[2]. Catherine held the regency for nearly thirty years. France laid claim to New France (now Canada).[31]. With the aid of such ministers as the Duke de Sully, he Henry IV was baptized a Catholic on 5 January 1554. [40][41][42] On 1 June 1604, he issued letters patent to Dieppe merchants to form the Dieppe Company, giving them exclusive rights to Asian trade for 15 years. Catholic royalist nobles also rallied to the king's standard. Henry's patriline was his line of descent in the male line, that is, from father to son only. Henry is not named directly, but is referred to as "the kindly-faced" and "the father-in-law of the Plague of France". On 18 August 1572, Henry married his second cousin Margaret of Valois; their childless marriage was annulled in 1599. In December 1600, a company was formed through the association of Saint-Malo, Laval, and Vitré to trade with the Moluccas and Japan. DVD. Henry's councillors strongly opposed this idea, but the matter was resolved unexpectedly by Gabrielle's sudden death in the early hours of 10 April 1599, after she had given birth to a premature and stillborn son. Henry was nicknamed "the Great" (Henri le Grand), and in France is also called le bon roi Henri ("the good king Henry") or le vert galant ("The Green Gallant", for his numerous mistresses). In the general chaos, Henry III relied on King Henry of Navarre and his Huguenots. As a pragmatic politician (in the parlance of the time, a politique), he displayed an unusual religious tolerance for the era. First marriage and Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre. Their conflicts were settled in the Treaty of Lyon of 1601, which mandated territorial exchanges between France and the Duchy of Savoy. [26] Pope Clement VIII lifted excommunication from Henry on 17 September 1595. 1610, Lying in state at the Louvre, engraving after François Quesnel. A wide-ranging, energetic period piece tracing the rise of the Protestant Henry of Navarre as he goes from battlefield warrior to France's beloved King Henri IV. Henry favoured the idea of obtaining an annulment of his marriage to Margaret and taking his mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées as his bride; after all, she had already borne him three children. Oorspronkelijke titel. share. The art and architecture of his reign have become known as the "Henry IV style" since that time. While some supported various Guise candidates, the strongest candidate was probably the Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain, the daughter of Philip II of Spain, whose mother Elisabeth had been the eldest daughter of Henry II of France. 6th edition. [24][25] His acceptance of Catholicism secured the allegiance of the vast majority of his subjects. King Henry IV, a promoter of the arts by all classes of people, invited hundreds of artists and craftsmen to live and work on the building's lower floors. [2] The context for that phrase: Si Dieu me prête vie, je ferai qu'il n'y aura point de laboureur en mon royaume qui n'ait les moyens d'avoir le dimanche une poule dans son pot! [11] Salic law barred the king's sisters and all others who could claim descent through only the female line from inheriting. Henry's forthright manner, physical courage, and military successes also contrasted dramatically with the sickly, effete languor of the last Valois kings, as evinced by his blunt assertion that he ruled with "weapon in hand and arse in the saddle" (on a le bras armé et le cul sur la selle). Hij was de eerste Franse monarch van het huis Bourbon.. Hendrik werd katholiek gedoopt, maar bekeerde zich tot het protestantisme samen met zijn moeder Johanna van Albret, koningin van Navarra. After his crowning, Henry continued the policy of a Franco-Ottoman alliance and received an embassy from Sultan Mehmed III in 1601. Marriage. Henry initially sought to recover territory lost to Castile by assisting the revolt of King Alfonso X of Castile's brother Philip in 1270. Because Henry of Navarre was the next senior agnatic descendant of King Louis IX, King Henry III had no choice but to r… The third was Henry I, Duke of Guise, who pushed for complete suppression of the Huguenots and had much support among Catholic loyalists. With Matheson Lang, Gladys Jennings, Henry Victor, Stella St. Audrie. Directed by Maurice Elvey. The French overwhelmingly rejected Philip's first choice, Archduke Ernest of Austria, the Emperor's brother, also a member of the House of Habsburg. Although baptised as a Catholic, Henry was raised as a Protestant by his mother, who had declared Calvinism the religion of Navarre. For other uses, see, "Henri 4" redirects here. An embassy was sent to Tunisia in 1608 led by François Savary de Brèves. Hendrik IV (Pau (Navarra, nu Frankrijk), 13 december 1553 – Parijs, 14 mei 1610), was koning van Navarra (als Hendrik III) van 1572 tot 1610 en koning van Frankrijk van 1589 tot 1610. Henry weet te overleven maar wordt gevangen gezet in het Louvre. Meer gemak en voordeel met Select. Henry II of Navarre King of Navarre. http://www.worldhistoryclass.com Henry IV of France was the first Bourban monarch in France. lekker winkelen zonder zorgen. EMBED. [41], From 1604 to 1609, following the return of François Martin de Vitré, Henry developed a strong enthusiasm for travel to Asia and attempted to set up a French East India Company on the model of England and the Netherlands. During the reign of Henry IV, rivalry continued among France, the Habsburg rulers of Spain, and the Holy Roman Empire for the mastery of Western Europe. [4] He was admired for his repeated victories over his enemies and his conversion to Catholicism. 1835): Pierre de l'Estoile, Journal du règne de Henri IV. It was widely believed that in 1610 Henry was preparing to go to war against the Holy Roman Empire. The morale of the city was low, and even the Spanish ambassador believed the city could not hold out longer than a fortnight. After Henry's coronation, the war continued because there was an official tug-of-war between the French and Spanish states, but after victory at the Siege of Amiens in September 1597 the Peace of Vervins was signed in 1598. The title of the king was no longer recognized in several cities; his power was limited to Blois, Tours, and the surrounding districts. In 1609 Henry's intervention helped to settle the War of the Jülich Succession through diplomatic means. ‘Henry of Navarre’ is een energieke Frans-Duitse coproductie, die is gebaseerd op twee romans van de schrijver Heinrich Mann over het leven van Henri. On 24 August, the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre began in Paris. Protestanten en katholieken zijn in een bittere strijd verwikkeld, elk met hun godsdienst als rechtvaardiging. Ancestry. In 1593, in order to gain recognition as King of France, he converted again to Catholicism. This statement epitomises the peace and relative prosperity which Henry brought to France after decades of religious war, and demonstrates how well he understood the plight of the French worker and peasant farmer. Henry of Navarre A two-headed beast of a biopic about the French king who wrote religious freedom into law in 1598. Henry of Navarre synonyms, Henry of Navarre pronunciation, Henry of Navarre translation, English dictionary definition of Henry of Navarre. On 9 June 1572, upon his mother's death, the 19-ye… As king, he adopted policies and undertook projects to improve the lives of all subjects, which made him one of the country's most popular rulers ever. His uncle, the future. At Queen Joan's death, it was arranged for Henry to marry Margaret of Valois, daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici. The reign of Henry IV was long remembered by the French people. Henri 4 (2010) Serie / held. He was forced to live at the court of France, but he escaped in early 1576. Political disagreements among the parties set off a series of campaigns and counter-campaigns that culminated in the Battle of Coutras.[12]. Paris: Gallimard (1960), p. 84, Louis had no children; he died aged 10 in 1795. The conflict was not resolved until after the Thirty Years' War. Wanneer hij na vier jaar weet te ontsnappen, gaat hij de strijd aan met de machthebbers die in feite zijn familie zijn. Henry Of Navarre is een van. The Spanish ambassadors selected the Duke of Guise, to the joy of the League. He inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on his mother's death. Henry of Navarre. Given that Henry of Navarre was the next senior agnatic descendant of King Louis IX, King Henry III had no choice but to recognise him as the legitimate successor. He initially kept the Protestant faith (the only French king to do so) and had to fight against the Catholic League, which denied that he could wear France's crown as a Protestant. Henry the Fat (Basque: Henrike I.a, Gizena, French: Henri le Gros, Spanish: Enrique el Gordo) (c. 1244 – 22 July 1274) was King of Navarre (as Henry I) and Count of Champagne and Brie (as Henry III) from 1270 until his death. He was suffocated, according to the generally received accounts, by his own fat. Louis was the direct descendant of Hugh Capet, who became King of France in 987 and made the crown hereditary. The Parlement of Paris also upheld the Salic law. Racing career. In English he is most often referred to as Henry of Navarre. He set about winning his kingdom by military conquest, aided by English money and German troops. Directed by Jo Baier. [33] Around 1575, plans were made for a combined attack of Aragonese Moriscos and Huguenots from Béarn under Henry against Spanish Aragon, in agreement with the king of Algiers and the Ottoman Empire, but this project floundered with the arrival of John of Austria in Aragon and the disarmament of the Moriscos. [39][40] The Croissant, carrying François Martin de Vitré, reached Ceylon and traded with Aceh in Sumatra, but was captured by the Dutch on the return leg at Cape Finisterre. [9] He named his 16-year-old sister, Catherine de Bourbon, regent of Béarn. This tradition continued for another two hundred years, until Emperor Napoleon I banned it. [2] An active ruler, he worked to regularise state finance, promote agriculture, eliminate corruption and encourage education. Read 19 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. "Good King Henry" (le bon roi Henri) was remembered for his geniality and his great concern about the welfare of his subjects. The Catholic League, however, strengthened by support from outside the country—especially from Spain—was strong enough to prevent a universal recognition of his new title. [20] The Parlement admonished Mayenne, as Lieutenant-General, that the Kings of France had resisted the interference of the Pope in political matters, and that he should not raise a foreign prince or princess to the throne of France under the pretext of religion. Frankrijk, 1563. In het belang van zijn protestante lotgenoten besluit Navarre zelfs om zich tot het katholicisme te bekeren. But by the Treaty of Paris (1259), the English had been ceded rights in Gascony that effectively cut off Navarrese access to the ocean (since France, Navarre's ally, was at odds with England). He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac, a fanatical Catholic, and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII. A translation into English was made by James Dauncey for another grandson, King Charles II of England. 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